Reloading must be made as often as possible, as an empty shotgun magazine takes much longer to reload than other weapons.
The shotgun ammo being very common, it is unlikely to run out of ammo for it throughout the game.
At the various ranges the Alien Controller can be at, most of the shotgun's pellets will miss the creature due to its spread, no matter what firing mode is used.
The only enemy that the shotgun does poorly against is the Alien Controller.
The alternate fire also does heavy damage against the Alien Grunt, but the long delay between shots makes the player very vulnerable to counterattacks, especially while being close to the enemy. In Normal mode, it can kill any enemy up to an HECU soldier in one hit, as long as around six pellets connect.
The shotgun's alternate fire is one of the most powerful attacks the player can use.
However, the primary fire mode falters against stronger enemies, such as the Bullsquid, because of the low damage output and the small delay between shots.
The shotgun's primary fire is very effective against weak enemies, such as Headcrabs, Zombies, and Vortigaunts.
After Freeman is captured and his weapons are confiscated, the shotgun can be obtained by killing a shotgun wielding HECU soldier at the start of the chapter Questionable Ethics.
If not found there, it can be found scattered throughout the rest of the chapter.
In Half-Life, the shotgun is first acquired in the game's fourth chapter, Office Complex, at the end of a hallway.
The weapon is commonly used by the HECU, who often have one or two soldiers armed with shotguns mixed with ones wielding Submachine Guns.
The reloading process can be interrupted at anytime by pressing the fire key.
The shotgun is reloaded one shell at a time.
The first fire mode fires four pellets with a medium-sized spread, uses one shell and has a small delay between shots, while the alternate fire mode fires eight pellets in a larger, more loose spread and uses two shells, but has a longer delay between shots.